Which type of erosion requires heavy equipment for restoration due to its size?

Gully erosion is characterized by the formation of large, deep channels in the landscape that result from the concentrated flow of water. This type of erosion tends to occur in areas with significant rainfall and steep slopes, leading to larger water pathways that can carry away soil much more effectively than other forms of erosion.

The restoration of gully erosion often requires heavy equipment due to the extent of the damage it causes. The size and depth of gullies make manual restoration impractical and ineffective; machinery is necessary to reshape the land, fill in the eroded areas, and redirect water flow. This equipment is essential for stabilizing the eroded area and preventing further erosion.

In contrast, sheet erosion and rill erosion involve less severe disturbances of the soil surface, which typically can be managed through simpler techniques such as planting vegetation or applying mulch. Channel erosion, while also significant, usually refers to the alteration of established water channels rather than the creation of new, large gully formations, and may not require as extensive restoration efforts as gully erosion. Thus, gully erosion stands out as the type of erosion that necessitates heavy equipment for effective restoration.